Aviation of World War II
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Aviation of World War II |
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He 100
This is how the prototype Heinkel Not 100a appeared, which made its first flight on January 22, 1938. It was equipped with a Daimler-Benz DB 601 engine with an evaporative cooling system. The second prototype with a DB 601M engine, piloted by Ernst Udet, on June 6, 1938 set a speed record in flight along a 100-kilometer closed route. The aircraft was officially introduced as Non-112U to strengthen the reputation of the Non-112B sold to Japan and Spain. The third prototype, built to break the all-time record, had a reduced wingspan, a more streamlined cockpit canopy and a boosted DB 601 engine, but it crashed in September and was replaced by a similar eighth prototype. On it on March 30, 1939 in Oranienburg, Hans Dieterle set a speed record of 746.61 km / h. The fourth and fifth aircraft were designated Not 100V . The sixth, seventh and ninth prototypes were assembled according to the specification for Not 100C . The ninth prototype was the first of the He 100 with armament: two MG FF cannons of 20 mm caliber and four MG 17 machine guns of 7.9 mm caliber were installed on it. Deficiencies in handling, discovered during operational tests at the Rechlin test center, resulted in the Not 100D with an increased tail area, a conventional half-retractable ventral radiator instead of the previously used evaporative cooling system. A 20 mm MG FF cannon was installed in the bow and two 7.9 mm MG 17 machine guns in the wing. Fifteen He 100Ds were built, including three pre-production prototypes of He 100D-0 and twelve serial He 100D-1 . Since the DB 601 engines were intended for the production of the Bf 109, and the Not 100 was not adopted by the Luftwaffe, Heinkel was asked to license it for production abroad. In the spring of 1940, not 100D-1s performed an unusual task, being used for propaganda purposes: the photographs show the ranks of fighters from various angles and with many different designations. The improved He 113 was described as an aircraft that found widespread use in the Luftwaffe, but in fact there were only nine such aircraft and they remained at the Rostock plant, performing the task of its defense, although they never fired a single live shot. |
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Experienced He 112V-6 with a 20mm C / 30 cannon firing through the propeller hub. Overseeing the selection of types of aircraft for the reborn Luftwaffe, the head of the Technical Supply Directorate, Oberst Lieutenant Wolfram von Richthofen, as a career officer of pre-war training, who passed three years of the trenches of the First World War and received a higher technical education in the field of aviation at the University of Hanover after the war, perfectly understood that the main task of aviation is to support the ground forces. And this requires a lot of simple aircraft that do not require lengthy training during flight operation. That is why Richtofen did not feel delighted at the sight of the Bf 109. In his opinion, in general, the He112 with cannon armament looked preferable. And such a machine - the He 112V-6 - appeared already in July 1936. In the collapse of the cylinder block of the liquid-cooled Jumo 210D engine with a capacity of 680 hp. this machine was equipped with 20mm C/30 automatic cannon, and two synchronous 7.92mm MG17 machine guns were mounted above the engine! And note, no evaporative cooling system. A real scheme with a radiator under the engine, a wide chassis track, powerful weapons. And this is only 1936, the plane was really promising ... |
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