Aviation of World War II
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Aviation of World War II |
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Do-214
The Dornier Do 214 was a very large aircraft with a wingspan of 60 meters and a fully loaded weight of 145 tons. The fuselage in its upper part was of a semicircular section, inside it consisted of two decks. The wings, which had a slight sweep along the leading edge and with a straight trailing edge, were located high, as is usually customary in hydroaviation. Eight 24-cylinder Daimler Benz DB 613 24 engines were placed in four: four pulling and four pushing. All eight engines were equipped with four-blade variable-pitch propellers; the front ones had a diameter of 5.0 m, the rear ones - 4.6 m. This method was also used on the Dornier Do 26. Each engine had its own cooling and lubrication system, and the control of the parameters of all eight was reduced to one station by the flight engineer. The fuel capacity was 66,000 liters in the fuselage and 1,500 liters in the wings. The tail unit was traditional - one keel and horizontal stabilizers with a small transverse "V". The crew of the aircraft (civilian) consisted of twelve people (a captain, two pilots, a navigator, a radio operator, two flight engineers, two flight attendants, two employees responsible for passenger accommodation, and one crew member was in reserve). In the passenger version, the aircraft could accommodate forty passengers, who accommodated quite comfortably. If necessary, the number of passengers could be increased, in addition, it was possible to take 2.6 tons of cargo and luggage, which were placed on the lower deck. There were at least 9 Do P.192/Do 214 variants with different defensive and offensive weapons. In 1942, the RLM criticized the Dornier management for working on a civilian version of the 214 and ordered to concentrate on the military version. The full-size mock-up was restored to investigate the best placement of gun turrets and other military equipment. By 1943, it became clear that further work on seaplanes was no longer relevant due to the deteriorating situation on the fronts, and thus the Do 214 project was closed.
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Do-216
Dornier initiated this seaplane project after the RLM canceled the P.192/Do 214 project in June 1943. The project was launched under the designation P.174/I, but was later assigned the Do number by the RLM. 216. Conceived as anti-ship - Do 216 could be equipped for other purposes. Basically, the Do 216 was similar to the Do 214, but had only one inner deck inside the fuselage instead of the Do 214's two. Four 24-cylinder Jumo 223 diesel engines (4x2500 hp) were supposed to make up the power plant; the engines were located in pairs one after the other in engine nacelles located in the wing. The Do 216 was to have a crew of ten, the main part of which was to operate seven remote-controlled artillery stations located in various places on the fuselage. The Do 216 could take on board up to 5,000 kg of payload, which included various guided ASPs that could be carried on underwing hardpoints. Other versions of the P.174 were developed with the same basic parameters, only they had to be equipped with six Daimler Benz DB 603C 12-cylinder liquid-cooled engines (6x1750 hp). This project was also canceled by the RLM as there was no need for this type of seaplane at that time.
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