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Aviation of Word War II |
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Il-6Long Range BomberIlyushin![]()
The IL-6 aircraft was created according to the scheme of a twin-engine low-wing aircraft with a conventional single-fin vertical tail, and its basic dimensions were chosen as those of the DB-4. The Design Bureau carefully studied the experience of the combat use of the IL-4 and drew the appropriate conclusions. In the new car, the main shortcomings of its predecessor should have been eliminated. Objectively, it was necessary to introduce a co-pilot into the crew, strengthen the booking and defensive armament. Two 18-cylinder air-cooled radial engines ASh-71 (M-71) with a capacity of 2000 hp were planned to be installed on the plane. The motors were developed in 1941 under the direction of A.D. Shvetsov by splicing two 9-cylinder single stars M-63. The M-71 engine was equipped with a system of direct fuel injection into the cylinders. The concept of a new bomber was approved by the Air Force, after which the Design Bureau received an order for the construction of one prototype under the designation IL-6. However, it was not without remarks: the military recommended instead of the M-71 engines to supply two 12-cylinder aircraft liquid-cooled diesel engines with in-line ACh-ZOB cylinders with a capacity of 1500 hp each. The diesel was developed under the guidance of A.D. Charomsky, the mass of the engine was 1150 kg. With a turbocharger, the ACh-30B diesel engine developed a power of 1200 hp at an altitude of 6000 m. A less structurally complex and more technologically advanced diesel engine was more economical than the M-71 engine, by 40%. less fire hazardous and did not need the scarce gasoline with an octane rating of 92. Calculations showed that a bomber equipped with diesel engines was capable of carrying twice as much bomb load on the Moscow-Berlin route as an aircraft with internal combustion piston engines. IL-6 also featured a new wing design with increased sweep along the leading edge and an almost straight trailing edge. The air intake of the radiator was made in the toe of the wing to the right and left of the nacelle, the radiator was installed in the thickness of the wing. The controlled exhaust radiator flap was located on the lower surface of the wing plane. There were no reinforcing strips installed in the tail section of the Il-4 fuselage on the Il-6. Instead of two small windows in the aft fuselage, one oval-shaped porthole was made. The shape of the niches of the main landing gear has been changed, there are no blisters on the doors. The handrail on the left side of the fuselage has been removed. The shape of the rudder has been changed, a bevel has been made in the upper part, which made it possible to abandon the weight balancer. The wing span of the Il-6 is 26.07 m, 4.63 m more than that of the Il-4, the length is 17.38 m, 2.6 m more than that of the Il-4. The empty weight of the IL-6 was 11,690 kg, the maximum take-off weight was 18,650 kg. |
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